配置IPv4靜態路由示例
組網需求
如圖1所示，屬于不同網段的主機通過幾臺Switch相連，要求不配置動態路由協議，使不同網段的任意兩臺主機之間能夠互通。
圖1 配置IP靜態路由組網圖
配置思路
采用如下的思路配置IPv4靜態路由：
- 創建VLAN并配置各接口所屬VLAN，配置各VLANIF接口的IP地址，實現相鄰設備網絡互通。
- 在各主機上配置IP缺省網關，在各臺Switch上配置IPv4靜態路由或者靜態缺省路由，實現不配置動態路由協議，使不同網段的任意兩臺主機之間能夠互通。
操作步驟
- 配置各接口所屬VLAN
- # 配置SwitchA。SwitchB和SwitchC的配置與SwitchA類似。
<HUAWEI> system-view [HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA [SwitchA] vlan batch 10 30 [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type access [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port default vlan 30 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit
- 配置各VLANIF接口的IP地址
- # 配置SwitchA。SwitchB和SwitchC的配置與SwitchA類似。
[SwitchA] interface vlanif 10 [SwitchA-Vlanif10] ip address 10.1.4.1 30 [SwitchA-Vlanif10] quit [SwitchA] interface vlanif 30 [SwitchA-Vlanif30] ip address 10.1.1.1 24 [SwitchA-Vlanif30] quit
- 配置主機
- 配置主機PC1的缺省網關為10.1.1.1，主機PC2的缺省網關為10.1.2.1，主機PC3的缺省網關為10.1.3.1。
- 配置靜態路由
- # 在SwitchA配置IP缺省路由。
[SwitchA] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.2
- # 在SwitchB配置兩條IP靜態路由。
[SwitchB] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.1 [SwitchB] ip route-static 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.6
- # 在SwitchC配置IP缺省路由。
[SwitchC] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.5
- 驗證配置結果
- ＃查看SwitchA的IP路由表。
[SwitchA] display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 7 Routes : 7 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.4.2 Vlanif10 10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.1 Vlanif30 10.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Vlanif30 10.1.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.4.1 Vlanif10 10.1.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Vlanif10 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
- # 使用ping命令驗證連通性。
[SwitchA] ping 10.1.3.1 PING 10.1.3.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=62 ms Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=63 ms Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=63 ms Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=62 ms Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=62 ms --- 10.1.3.1 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms
- # 使用Tracert命令驗證連通性。
[SwitchA] tracert 10.1.3.1 traceroute to 10.1.3.1(10.1.3.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break 1 10.1.4.2 31 ms 32 ms 31 ms 2 10.1.3.1 62 ms 63 ms 62 ms
配置文件
- SwitchA的配置文件
# sysname SwitchA # vlan batch 10 30 # interface Vlanif10 ip address 10.1.4.1 255.255.255.252 # interface Vlanif30 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 port link-type access port default vlan 30 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.2 # return
- SwitchB的配置文件
# sysname SwitchB # vlan batch 10 20 40 # interface Vlanif10 ip address 10.1.4.2 255.255.255.252 # interface Vlanif20 ip address 10.1.4.5 255.255.255.252 # interface Vlanif40 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 20 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3 port link-type access port default vlan 40 # ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.1 ip route-static 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.6 # return
- SwitchC的配置文件
# sysname SwitchC # vlan batch 20 50 # interface Vlanif20 ip address 10.1.4.6 255.255.255.252 # interface Vlanif50 ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 port link-type trunk port trunk allow-pass vlan 20 # interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 port link-type access port default vlan 50 # ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.5 # return
