作者 | 溫安適
來源 | https://my.oschina.net/floor/blog/4435699
引言
只要你用Springboot,一定會用到各種spring-boot-starter。其實寫一個spring-boot-starter
,僅需4步。下面我們就寫一個starter,它將實現,在日志中打印方法執行時間。
第一步 創建maven項目
在使用spring-boot-starter,會發現,有的項目名稱是 XX-spring-boot-starter,有的是
spring-boot-starter-XX,這個項目的名稱有什么講究呢?
從springboot官方文檔摘錄如下:
“
Do not start your module names with spring-boot, even if you use a different Maven groupId. We may offer official support for the thing you auto-configure in the future.
As a rule of thumb, you should name a combined module after the starter.
從這段話可以看出spring-boot-starter命名的潛規則。
命名潛規則
spring-boot-starter-XX是springboot官方的starter
XX-spring-boot-starter是第三方擴展的starter
打印方法執行時間的功能,需要用到aop,咱們的項目就叫做
aspectlog-spring-boot-starter吧。
項目的pom文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.Apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectlog-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.15.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
關于spring-boot-configuration-processor的說明,引自springBoot官方文檔:
“
Spring Boot uses an annotation processor to collect the conditions on auto-configurations in a metadata file ( META-INF/spring-autoconfigure-metadata.properties ). If that file is present, it is used to eagerly filter auto-configurations that do not match, which will improve startup time. It is recommended to add the following dependency in a module that contains auto-configurations:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-autoconfigure-processor
true
簡單說就是:寫starter時,在pom中配置spring-boot-autoconfigure-processor,在編譯時會自動收集配置類的條件,寫到一個META-INF/spring-autoconfigure-metadata.properties中。
第二步寫自動配置邏輯
各種condition
類型注解說明Class Conditions類條件注解@ConditionalOnClass當前classpath下有指定類才加載@ConditionalOnMissingClass當前classpath下無指定類才加載
Bean ConditionsBean條件注解@ConditionalOnBean當期容器內有指定bean才加載@ConditionalOnMissingBean當期容器內無指定bean才加載
Property Conditions環境變量條件注解(含配置文件)@ConditionalOnPropertyprefix 前綴name 名稱havingValue 用于匹配配置項值matchIfMissing 沒找指定配置項時的默認值ResourceConditions 資源條件注解@ConditionalOnResource有指定資源才加載Web Application Conditionsweb條件注解@ConditionalOnWebApplication是web才加載@ConditionalOnNotWebApplication不是web才加載
SpEL Expression Conditions@ConditionalOnExpression符合SpEL 表達式才加載
本次我們就選用@ConditionalOnProperty。即配置文件中有aspectLog.enable=true,才加載我們的配置類。
下面開始寫自動配置類
2.1.定義AspectLog注解,該注解用于標注需要打印執行時間的方法。
package com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog;
import JAVA.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* class_name: ScheduleManage
* describe: 用于控制定時任務的開啟與關閉
* 對應切面
* creat_user: wenl
* creat_time: 2018/11/10 18:45
**/
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface AspectLog {
}
2.2定義配置文件對應類
package com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
@ConfigurationProperties("aspectLog")
public class AspectLogProperties {
private boolean enable;
public boolean isEnable() {
return enable;
}
public void setEnable(boolean enable) {
this.enable = enable;
}
}
2.3定義自動配置類
package com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
import org.springframework.core.PriorityOrdered;
@Aspect
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(exposeProxy = true, proxyTargetClass = true)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "aspectLog", name = "enable",
havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
public class AspectLogAutoConfiguration implements PriorityOrdered {
protected Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Around("@annotation(com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog.AspectLog) ")
public Object isOpen(ProceedingJoinPoint thisJoinPoint)
throws Throwable {
//執行方法名稱
String taskName = thisJoinPoint.getSignature()
.toString().substring(
thisJoinPoint.getSignature()
.toString().indexOf(" "),
thisJoinPoint.getSignature().toString().indexOf("("));
taskName = taskName.trim();
long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
Object result = thisJoinPoint.proceed();
logger.info("method:{} run :{} ms", taskName,
(System.currentTimeMillis() - time));
return result;
}
@Override
public int getOrder() {
//保證事務等切面先執行
return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
}
配置類簡要說明:
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "aspectLog", name = "enable",havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
當配置文件有aspectLog.enable=true時開啟,如果配置文件沒有設置aspectLog.enable也開啟。
第三步META-INF/spring.factories
META-INF/spring.factories是spring的工廠機制,在這個文件中定義的類,都會被自動加載。多個配置使用逗號分割,換行用
如果有興趣可以查看這2篇blog:
2.@Enable驅動原理(設置連接)
3.@EnableAutoConfiguration處理邏輯(設置連接)
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
com.shanyuan.autoconfiguration.aspectlog.AspectLogAutoConfiguration
第四步打包測試
這是我們最終的目錄結構

在IDEA中,進行mvn intall

打包完成后,在其他項目中的pom中引入進行測試

參考資料
- https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.15.RELEASE/reference/html/boot-features-developing-auto-configuration.html#boot-features-custom-starter