簡(jiǎn)介
本文將展示如何使用“全部接受”SSL支持配置Apache HttpClient 4。目標(biāo)很簡(jiǎn)單 - 使用沒有有效證書的HTTPS URL。
SSLPeerUnverifiedException
如果不使用HttpClient配置SSL ,以下測(cè)試(使用HTTPS URL)將失敗:
public class RestClientLiveManualTest { @Test(expected = SSLPeerUnverifiedException.class) public void test() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); String urlOverHttps ="https://localhost:8082/httpclient-simple)"; HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(urlOverHttps); HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(getMethod); assertThat(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), equalTo(200)); } }
異常報(bào)錯(cuò)為:
JAVAx.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: peer not authenticated at sun.security.ssl.SSLSessionImpl.getPeerCertificates(SSLSessionImpl.java:397) at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.AbstractVerifier.verify(AbstractVerifier.java:126) ...
該
javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException,該報(bào)錯(cuò)產(chǎn)生原因,當(dāng)無(wú)法有效為URL建立信任鏈的時(shí)候。
配置通用的SSL(HttpClient <4.3)
現(xiàn)在讓我們將HTTPClient配置為信任所有證書,無(wú)論其有效性如何:
@Test public final void test() throws GeneralSecurityException { HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = (CloseableHttpClient) requestFactory.getHttpClient(); TrustStrategy acceptingTrustStrategy = (cert, authType) -> true; SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory(acceptingTrustStrategy, ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER); httpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(new Scheme("https", 8443, sf)); ResponseEntity<String> response = new RestTemplate(requestFactory). exchange(urlOverHttps, HttpMethod.GET, null, String.class); assertThat(response.getStatusCode().value(), equalTo(200)); }
隨著acceptingTrustStrategy 配置了 true的測(cè)試通過,client能夠消費(fèi)的HTTPS URL。
配置通用的SSL(HttpClient 4.4及更高版本)
使用新的HTTPClient,現(xiàn)在我們有了一個(gè)增強(qiáng)的,重新設(shè)計(jì)的默認(rèn)SSL主機(jī)名驗(yàn)證程序。此外,通過引入
SSLConnectionSocketFactory和RegistryBuilder,可以輕松構(gòu)建SSLSocketFactory。所以我們可以編寫上面的測(cè)試用例,如:
@Test public final void test() throws GeneralSecurityException { TrustStrategy acceptingTrustStrategy = (cert, authType) -> true; SSLContext sslContext = SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial(null, acceptingTrustStrategy).build(); SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create() .register("https", sslsf) .register("http", new PlainConnectionSocketFactory()) .build(); BasicHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new BasicHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf) .setConnectionManager(connectionManager).build(); HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient); ResponseEntity<String> response = new RestTemplate(requestFactory) .exchange(urlOverHttps, HttpMethod.GET, null, String.class); assertThat(response.getStatusCode().value(), equalTo(200)); }
使用SSL 的Spring RestTemplate(HttpClient <4.3)
現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)了解了如何配置具有SSL支持的原始HttpClient,讓我們來(lái)看看更高級(jí)別的方式-Spring RestTemplate。
如果未配置SSL,則以下測(cè)試將按預(yù)期會(huì)拋異常:
@Test(expected = ResourceAccessException.class) public void test() { String urlOverHttps = "https://localhost:8443/httpclient-simple/api/bars/1"; ResponseEntity<String> response = new RestTemplate().exchange(urlOverHttps, HttpMethod.GET, null, String.class); assertThat(response.getStatusCode().value(), equalTo(200)); }
那么讓我們配置SSL:
@Test public void test() throws GeneralSecurityException { HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(); DefaultHttpClient httpClient = (DefaultHttpClient) requestFactory.getHttpClient(); TrustStrategy acceptingTrustStrategy = (cert, authType) -> true SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory( acceptingTrustStrategy, ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER); httpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry() .register(new Scheme("https", 8443, sf)); String urlOverHttps ="https://localhost:8443/httpclient-simple/api/bars/1"; ResponseEntity<String> response = new RestTemplate(requestFactory). exchange(urlOverHttps, HttpMethod.GET, null, String.class); assertThat(response.getStatusCode().value(), equalTo(200)); }
這與我們?yōu)樵糎ttpClient配置SSL的方式非常相似 - 我們使用SSL支持配置請(qǐng)求工廠,然后我們實(shí)例化通過此預(yù)配置工廠的模板。
帶有SSL 的Spring RestTemplate(HttpClient 4.4)
我們可以使用相同的方式配置我們的RestTemplate:
@Test public void test() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom() .setSSLHostnameVerifier(new NoopHostnameVerifier()) .build(); HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(); requestFactory.setHttpClient(httpClient); ResponseEntity<String> response = new RestTemplate(requestFactory).exchange( urlOverHttps, HttpMethod.GET, null, String.class); assertThat(response.getStatusCode().value(), equalTo(200)); }
總結(jié)
本教程討論了如何為Apache HttpClient配置SSL,以便它能夠使用任何HTTPS URL,而不管證書是什么。還說(shuō)明了Spring RestTemplate的相同配置。
然而,一個(gè)重要的事情是,這種策略完全忽略了證書檢查 - 這使得它不安全,只能在有意義的地方使用。