本環(huán)境centos7.4使用的主要軟件包：

11.2.0.1版本

linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip

需要額外一個(gè)磁盤做完ASM掛載磁盤：本實(shí)例使用50G

使用x-shell進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程，通過Xmanager進(jìn)行圖形化顯示(需關(guān)閉selinux)

一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

1.創(chuàng)建ORACLE用戶和組成員

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

groupadd oper

groupadd asmadmin

groupadd asmdba

groupadd asmoper

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper -d /home/oracle oracle (命令自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建/home/oracle目錄)

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid grid (命令自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建/home/grid目錄)

2.分別創(chuàng)建oracle、grid用戶的密碼

passwd oracle

new unix password: oracle

passwd grid

new unix password: grid

3.//創(chuàng)建以下目錄

mkdir -p /u01/App/11.2.0/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

mkdir -p /u02/arch

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02

chmod -R 775 /u01

chmod -R 775 /u02

4.使用oracle用戶登陸，設(shè)置oracle用戶的環(huán)境變量

//增加以下幾行

[oracle@rac31 ~]$ vim .bash_profile

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_SID=orcl

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

umask 022

5.使用grid域名登陸，設(shè)置grid用戶的環(huán)境變量

//增加以下幾行

[grid@rac31 ~]$ vim .bash_profile

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export NLS_LANG=American_america.ZHS16GBK

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM

[root@rac31 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

* soft nproc 2047
* hard nproc 16384
* soft nofile 1024
* hard nofile 65536

[root@rac31 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
[root@rac31 ~]# sysctl -p

關(guān)閉selinux

[root@rac31 ~]#vim /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

[root@rac31 ~]#setenforce 0

安裝缺失的包

yum -y install compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 libstdc++-devel-4.4.4 gcc gcc-c++ ksh libaio-devel

fdisk dev/sdb

N新建分區(qū)

P創(chuàng)建主分區(qū)

1 分區(qū)數(shù)1個(gè)

回車

W保存

[root@rac31 ~]#ls /dev/sdb*

/dev/sdb /dev/sdb1

安裝ASM依賴文件

[root@rac31 ~]#yum install –y oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-support-2.1.11-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

需要重啟主機(jī)才能正常掛載oracleasm模塊

[root@rac31 ~]#reboot

掛載oracleasm模塊

# oracleasm configure -i

Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library

driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is

loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values

will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an

answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: grid

Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin

Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y

Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y

Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done

oracleasm createdisk OCR_VOTE1 /dev/sdb1

oracleasm module not loaded or /dev/oracleasm not mounted.

解決方法

linux7需要手動(dòng)掛載oracleasm模塊

#oracleasm status

Checking if ASM is loaded: no

Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: no

#oracleasm init

Creating /dev/oracleasm mount point: /dev/oracleasm

Loading module "oracleasm": oracleasm

Configuring "oracleasm" to use device physical block size

Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: /dev/oracleasm

#oracleasm status

Checking if ASM is loaded: yes

Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: yes

二、創(chuàng)建ASM磁盤[root@rac31 ~]# oracleasm createdisk DATA1 /dev/sdb1Writing disk header: doneInstantiating disk: done

掃描：oracleasm scandisks

列出：oracleasm listdisks

安裝xhost +工具用于圖形化界面

[root@rac31 ~]#yum whatprovides "*/xhost"

Loaded plugins: product-id, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
base/filelists_db | 3.4 MB 00:00 ...
xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-2.el6.x86_64 : http://X.Org X11 X server utilities
Repo : base
Matched from:
Filename : /usr/bin/xhost

[root@rac31 ~]#yum -y install xorg-x11-server-utils-*

需要打開Xmanager工具

[root@rac31 ~]#export DISPLAY=172.16.1.203:0.0 ###該IP為本地ipconfig在使用遠(yuǎn)程的主機(jī)IP

[root@rac31 ~]#xhost +

access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

xhost: must be on local machine to enable or disable access control.

安裝grid組：

[grid@ rac31 grid]$ export DISPLAY=172.16.1.203:0.0

[grid@ rac31 grid]$ xhost +
[grid@ rac31 grid]$ ./runInstaller

需要確保軟件包均已安裝（pdksh軟件包可忽略），版本不同亦可，由于使用的是虛擬機(jī) 虛擬內(nèi)存問題與OS問題可忽略

確保無誤后，忽略所有進(jìn)行下一步

需要執(zhí)行
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh與/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

執(zhí)行
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh后需要執(zhí)行，上述紅框內(nèi)容，大意是說，配置grid為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的節(jié)點(diǎn)（單實(shí)例）需要root用戶，執(zhí)行roothas.pl命令

[root@rac31 ~]#/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl

注：由于我們使用的是centos7系統(tǒng)，oracle默認(rèn)識(shí)別的是6版本的系統(tǒng)，在執(zhí)行該命令時(shí)，另開一個(gè)窗口切換到oracle用戶執(zhí)行已下命令/bin/dd if=/var/tmp/.oracle/npohasd of=/dev/null bs=1024 count=1，執(zhí)行完后可ctrl+c停止，否則會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

[root@rac31 ~]#/bin/dd if=/var/tmp/.oracle/npohasd of=/dev/null bs=1024 count=1

錯(cuò)誤截圖