中國是世界上最后一個結(jié)束銀本位幣制度的國家，世界上其他國家早已經(jīng)退出貨幣流通領(lǐng)域的機制銀幣都隨著舊中國國際貿(mào)易的開展而大量匯聚到清代和民國時期的舊中國流通。由于中國人民銀行的長期大規(guī)模收兌銀元的行動使得民間老銀元的實際存量越來越少，而隨著時間的推移最終成為稀有的文物收藏品的。
China is the last country in the world to end the silver standard currency system. Other countries in the world have already withdrawn from the mechanism of currency circulation. With the development of international trade in old China, a large number of silver coins converged to the old China in the Qing Dynasty and the National Period. Because of the long-term large-scale action of the People's Bank of China to accept silver dollars, the actual stock of old silver dollars is becoming less and less, and eventually becomes a rare collection of cultural relics over time.
【藏品名稱】：軍政府造四川銀幣
[Collection Name]: Sichuan Silver coin made by the military government
【類別】：錢幣
[Category]: Coins
1911年5月，腐敗的清政府假借鐵路國有化名義，將民辦川漢、粵漢筑路權(quán)出讓給英法德美四國銀行團，激起全國各地人民的反對，四川省反響尤為強烈，數(shù)十萬人參加了保路同志軍。武昌起義后，各省先后宣布獨立，保路軍包圍了成都。趙爾豐控制不住四川的局面，只得將政權(quán)交給四川保路運動的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人蒲殿俊等立憲派人士。于是，四川省也宣告獨立，成立了“大漢四川軍政府”，并接管成都造幣分廠。為擴充軍需，鑄造發(fā)行了這種“漢”字銀幣。
In May 1911, the corrupt Qing government, in the name of nationalization of railways, granted the right to build roads in Sichuan, Han and Guangdong provinces to the banks of Britain, France, Germany and the United States, which aroused the opposition of people all over the country. The response of Sichuan Province was particularly strong. Hundreds of thousands of people joined the Comrade Army of Road Protection. After the Wuchang Uprising, the provinces declared their independence one after another, and the Road Protection Army surrounded Chengdu. Zhao Erfeng could not control the situation in Sichuan, so he had to hand over the regime to Pu Dianjun, the leader of Sichuan Road Protection Movement and other constitutionalists. Therefore, Sichuan Province also declared its independence, established the "Sichuan Military Government of the Great Han Dynasty" and took over the Chengdu Mint Branch. In order to expand military supplies, this "Han" silver coin was minted and issued.
在推翻封建王朝建立民國的過程中，軍政府曾發(fā)揮過重要作用（后來演變成軍閥混戰(zhàn)）。軍政府作為非常時期的區(qū)域性臨時政府，曾發(fā)行過貨幣，如湖北軍政府和四川軍政府，都發(fā)行過銅幣，但只有四川軍政府發(fā)行過銀幣，非常珍罕，歷史價值濃厚，意義巨大。這些貨幣，開始是為了籌措軍餉，維持政府開支，后來也成為了區(qū)域性的貨幣，因而軍政府貨幣具有軍用貨幣和民用貨幣的雙重職能，意義重大。
In the process of overthrowing the feudal dynasty and establishing the Republic of China, the military government played an important role (later evolved into warlord scuffle). As a regional temporary government in extraordinary period, the military government has issued copper coins, such as the Hubei military government and the Sichuan military government, but only the Sichuan military government has issued silver coins, which is very rare and of great historical value and significance. These currencies, originally to raise military salaries and maintain government expenditure, have become regional currencies. Therefore, military government currencies have dual functions of military currency and civil currency, which is of great significance.
此錢幣正面以珠圈分隔為內(nèi)外兩區(qū)，外區(qū)上緣書“軍政府造”，下緣記幣值“壹圓”，兩側(cè)各有一粒十字花星，小巧精致，內(nèi)區(qū)書直讀“四川銀幣”，字體端莊，圓潤可愛，中間鐫一朵精美的芙蓉花，象征蓉城成都。銀幣背面上緣紀(jì)年“中華民國元年”，兩側(cè)亦各有一粒十字花星，中間有一大圓圈，內(nèi)篆書“漢”字，代表了新政府“大漢”的意思。“漢”字底下有橫向底紋裝飾，旁圍十八個小圓圈組成的圓圈，內(nèi)鐫縱向飾紋，象征著當(dāng)年響應(yīng)辛亥革命的十八個省。整體設(shè)計精美，極具收藏價值。
The front of the coin is divided into two zones by the bead circle. The upper edge of the outer zone is "made by the military government", and the lower edge is "one circle". There is a cross star on both sides. It is small and delicate. The inner zone book reads "Sichuan silver coin" directly. Its font is dignified, round and lovely, with a beautiful hibiscus flower in the middle, which symbolizes Chengdu, Rongcheng City. On the back of the silver coin is the first year of the Republic of China. There is also a cross star on both sides. There is a big circle in the middle. The word "Han" in the seal book represents the meaning of "Han" in the new government. Under the word "Han", there are horizontal bottom decorations, surrounded by eighteen small circles forming a circle, inside the vertical decoration, symbolizing the eighteen provinces that responded to the 1911 Revolution. The overall design is exquisite and has great collection value.
目前，我國國內(nèi)市場上已經(jīng)很難見到這種四川軍政府“漢”字銀幣，其誕生背后的特殊歷史背景也為其增添了特殊的滄桑感，無論從收藏價值或市場增值空間都是藏友們不容錯過的。
At present, it is very rare to see this kind of "Han" silver coin of Sichuan military government on the domestic market. The special historical background behind its birth also adds a special sense of vicissitudes to it. No matter from the collection value or market value-added space, Tibetans can not miss it.
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