南紅瑪瑙(SouthRedAgate)是瑪瑙的一個(gè)種類，古稱”赤玉”，質(zhì)地細(xì)膩油潤(rùn)，是中國(guó)獨(dú)有的品種。由于產(chǎn)量稀少，老南紅瑪瑙價(jià)格急劇上升。南紅瑪瑙曾被古人用之入藥，養(yǎng)心養(yǎng)血。
SouthRedAgate is a kind of agate, called "Chiyu" in ancient times, with delicate and oily texture, which is unique to China. Due to the scarcity of production, the price of Laonan red agate has risen sharply. South red agate was used as a medicine by the ancients to nourish the heart and blood.
南紅瑪瑙已經(jīng)和和田玉、翡翠形成三足鼎立之勢(shì)。
South Red Agate has formed a tripartite confrontation with Hetian jade and jadeite.
南紅瑪瑙的應(yīng)用歷史悠久，在出土的戰(zhàn)國(guó)貴族墓葬中已經(jīng)有南紅瑪瑙的串飾了，如云南博物館館藏有古滇國(guó)時(shí)期的出土南紅飾品，北京故宮博物院館藏的清代南紅瑪瑙鳳首杯更是精美，是研究南紅瑪瑙制品、南紅瑪瑙雕刻件等，宮廷碾玉的實(shí)物資料，具有非常重要的歷史、藝術(shù)價(jià)值，被定為國(guó)家一級(jí)文物。從這些館藏作品可以看出，歷朝歷代對(duì)南紅都非常重視，同時(shí)也是很稀少的珍貴材料。
The application of South Red Agate has a long history. It has been decorated in the tombs of the Warring States nobles. For example, the Yunnan Museum has unearthed South Red Ornaments from the ancient Yunnan period, and the Qing Dynasty South Red Agate Phoenix Cup in the Palace Museum in Beijing is even more beautiful. It is the research of South Red Agate products, South Red Agate carvings, etc., and the physical data of court grinding jade has very important historical and artistic value, and is classified as a national first-class cultural relic. From these collections, we can see that Nanhong has been attached great importance to in all dynasties, and it is also a rare and precious material.
從這些館藏作品中不難看出，作為稀少珍貴的寶玉石材料，歷代南紅瑪瑙精品都被統(tǒng)治者所珍視，尤其至清代達(dá)到頂峰。隨著四川涼山地區(qū)高品質(zhì)南紅瑪瑙礦的發(fā)現(xiàn)，收藏級(jí)別的南紅瑪瑙作品又重新回到收藏界，也重新掀起了南紅瑪瑙收藏的熱潮，吸引了眾多藏家的關(guān)注。
From these collections, it is not difficult to see that, as a rare and precious gem and jade material, the fine works of South Red Agate in past dynasties were cherished by the rulers, especially when it reached its peak in Qing Dynasty. With the discovery of high-quality South Red Agate Mine in Liangshan area, Sichuan Province, the collected South Red Agate works have returned to the collection circle, which has set off a new upsurge of South Red Agate collection and attracted the attention of many collectors.
我們迄今所知古滇國(guó)后最早的南紅珠就是扁圓南紅多棱珠，而實(shí)際上，這種南瓜形制最早見(jiàn)于古埃及，在我國(guó)的歷史也起碼可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國(guó)，并且這種形制在明清的琉璃珠中也不少見(jiàn)。時(shí)間跨度長(zhǎng)達(dá)2000余年。
As far as we know, the earliest South Red Beads after the ancient Yunnan are flat South Red Multi-edged Beads. In fact, this pumpkin shape was first seen in ancient Egypt, and its history in China can be traced back to the Warring States Period at least, and this shape is not uncommon in glass beads in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The time span is as long as 2000 years.
剩下的歷史幾乎就是每個(gè)南紅愛(ài)好者耳熟能詳?shù)牧耍霞t作為深海紅珊瑚的替代品正式走上藏區(qū)的舞臺(tái)。由于藏區(qū)使用的紅珊瑚全部為所謂倒枝珊瑚，只產(chǎn)于日本海峽和臺(tái)灣海峽，貿(mào)易的相對(duì)困難和本身珊瑚材質(zhì)的珍貴決定了紅珊瑚只是屬于藏區(qū)高層的奢侈品，而廣大的藏民也同樣需要這些紅色的寄托，于是南紅真正的以批量產(chǎn)品的形式登上歷史舞臺(tái)，成為眾多信徒的隨身配飾。這種情況至早結(jié)束于清晚期，伴隨著我們通常認(rèn)為清晚期南紅礦藏的枯竭，南紅珠子的制作才基本告結(jié)束。
The rest of history is familiar to almost every Nanhong enthusiast, and Nanhong, as a substitute for deep-sea red coral, officially stepped onto the Tibetan stage. Because all the red corals used in Tibetan areas are so-called inverted coral, which only grows in Japan Strait and Taiwan Strait, the relative difficulties in trade and the preciousness of coral materials determine that red coral is only a luxury item belonging to the top of Tibetan areas, and the vast number of Tibetans also need these red sustenance, so Nanhong really stepped onto the historical stage in the form of batch products and became a portable accessory for many believers. This situation ended as early as the late Qing Dynasty. With the depletion of Nanhong mineral deposits in the late Qing Dynasty, the production of Nanhong beads basically ended.
專家介紹：南紅瑪瑙這種稱呼興起的時(shí)間并不長(zhǎng)，至少20世紀(jì)90年代還沒(méi)有流傳起來(lái)。南紅的定義及來(lái)龍去脈十分復(fù)雜，有說(shuō)是云南的紅瑪瑙，也有說(shuō)是南方的紅瑪瑙，但甘肅等北方省份也有南紅。其時(shí)間界定從漢到清都有。其形制多為珠子或類珠子。如今市場(chǎng)上南紅價(jià)格冠絕各類瑪瑙之首，也常有作偽。
Expert introduction: The name "South Red Agate" has not risen for a long time, at least in 1990s. The definition and origin and development of Nanhong are very complicated. Some people say that it is the red agate in Yunnan and some people say that it is the red agate in the south, but there are also Nanhong in northern provinces such as Gansu. Its time is defined from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. Its shape is mostly beads or bead-like. Nowadays, the price of Nanhong is the highest among all kinds of agates in the market, and it is often faked.
南紅瑪瑙行情持續(xù)走高。由于產(chǎn)量極低，且早在清代乾隆時(shí)就一度絕礦，故市場(chǎng)流通中的上品非常稀少。南紅瑪瑙收藏投資較具潛力。
South red agate market continues to rise. Because the output is extremely low, and the mine was once cut off as early as Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, the top grade in market circulation is very rare. South Red Agate Collection has great potential for investment.
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