【藏品名稱】：藏傳佛像
[collection name]: Tibetan Buddhist statues
【藏品數(shù)量】：一件
[collection quantity]: one piece
【藏品簡(jiǎn)介】：佛教開始在西藏出現(xiàn)，是在吐蕃王朝第二十九代國(guó)王拉·托托日年贊時(shí)期。到了吐蕃王朝第三十三代國(guó)王松贊干布時(shí)期，佛教受到王室的扶植。松贊干布派遣其大臣吐米·桑博札等十六人到印度學(xué)習(xí)梵文和佛法，回來(lái)后創(chuàng)造了西藏文字并翻譯了一部分佛經(jīng)。松贊干布也先后從尊崇佛教的尼泊爾迎娶了赤尊公主,從唐王朝迎娶了文成公主，并建立大、小昭寺，供奉二位公主帶來(lái)的本尊釋迦牟尼佛像。到了八世紀(jì)中葉，藏王遲松德贊迎請(qǐng)寂護(hù)菩薩與蓮華生大師由印度入藏，興建桑耶寺并大力倡佛，于是佛教在西藏得到了空前的發(fā)展。
[introduction to collection]: Buddhism began to appear in Tibet during the reign of La tuori, the 29th king of the Tubo Dynasty. In the period of Songzanganbu, the 33rd king of Tubo Dynasty, Buddhism was supported by the royal family. Songzanganbu sent his minister Tumi samboza and other 16 people to India to study Sanskrit and Buddhism. After returning, he created Tibetan characters and translated some Buddhist scriptures. Songzanganbu also married Princess Chizun from Nepal, which worships Buddhism, and Princess Wencheng from the Tang Dynasty, and established Dazhao temple and Xiaozhao temple to honor the Buddha statue of Sakyamuni brought by the two princesses. In the middle of the eighth century, Chi songdezan, the king of Tibet, invited Jihu Bodhisattva and master lianhuasheng to come to Tibet from India to build the Sangye temple and vigorously advocate Buddhism. As a result, Buddhism has developed unprecedentedly in Tibet.
藏傳佛像與漢族佛像有著很大區(qū)別，藏傳佛像分為七個(gè)類型，即：祖師系、佛系、菩薩系、佛母系、羅漢系、護(hù)法神系和財(cái)寶天王系，并有三大特點(diǎn)，即：寂靜尊、寂忿尊、忿怒尊。寂靜尊是平靜時(shí)候的像，寂忿尊是慍怒時(shí)的像，忿怒尊是憤怒時(shí)的像。藏傳佛像中也有觀音、文殊、普賢等菩薩等，但形象和漢傳佛像體系不完全相同。藏傳佛像造型豐富奇特，佛像風(fēng)格追求個(gè)性、靈異、神秘，衣冠品種繁多，風(fēng)格各異。有慈眉善目、面貌安詳?shù)娘@宗像；兇神惡煞、多首多臂的密宗像；嫵媚動(dòng)人的度母像；佛像的形象千奇百怪，有“靜相”和“猛相”之分。猛相表情兇惡，面目猙獰，多手多足，牛頭馬面，手持法器和武器五花八門。表現(xiàn)了向魔障和異教徒進(jìn)攻時(shí)的形象。
There are great differences between Tibetan Buddhist statues and Han Buddhist statues. Tibetan Buddhist statues can be divided into seven types, namely, patriarchal clan, Buddhist clan, Bodhisattva clan, Buddha mother clan, arhat clan, Dharma protector clan and treasure Heavenly King clan. They have three major characteristics, namely, Silent Buddha, Silent Buddha and angry Buddha. Silent Zun is the image of calm time, silent resentful Zun is the image of sullen time, resentful Zun is the image of angry time. There are also Bodhisattvas such as Guanyin, Manjusri and Puxian in Tibetan Buddhist statues, but their images are different from those in Han Dynasty. Tibetan Buddhist statues are rich and unique in shape. The style of Buddhist statues pursues individuality, spirituality and mystery. There are many kinds of clothes and crowns with different styles. There are many strange images of Buddha, such as "calm" and "fierce". Meng Xiang has a ferocious expression, a ferocious face, many hands, many feet, and many weapons. It shows the image of attacking the demons and heretics.
藏傳佛像中度母，傳說(shuō)是觀世音菩薩為救度眾生而用淚水化現(xiàn)出來(lái)的,白度母和綠度母最受人們崇奉,相傳吐蕃王松贊干布的尼泊爾妻子赤尊公主是度母的化身，能助人解脫獅難、象難、火難、牢獄、賊難、非人難等，所以又稱為“救八難度母”。吐蕃王松贊干布迎娶的大唐妻子文成公主，被認(rèn)為是綠度母的化身，額心,手心,腳心各有一眼,故又稱七眼佛母。
It is said that Guanyin Bodhisattva used tears to save all living beings. White Tara and Green Tara are most respected by people. It is said that Princess Chizun, the Nepalese wife of Tubo king Songzanganbu, is the incarnation of Tara, which can help people escape the difficulties of lion, elephant, fire, prison, thief and non-human. Therefore, it is also called "save eight difficulty mother". Songzanganbu, the king of Tubo, married Princess Wencheng, the wife of the Tang Dynasty. She is considered to be the incarnation of Green Tara. She has one eye on her forehead, one eye on her palm and one eye on her foot, so she is also called seven eye Buddha mother.
